What are the different types of memory in router mcq 2022

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Static Routing Implementation (2.1)


As previously stated, static routes are widely used in networks today. Static routes are used in networks of all sizes, and are used along with a dynamic routing protocol. For this reason, a good understanding of static routes is a requirement for implementing routing on a network.




  • Static Routing Implementation (2.1)

  • Reach Remote Networks (2.1.1.1)

  • Why Use Static Routing? (2.1.1.2)

  • When to Use Static Routes (2.1.1.3)

  • Static Route Applications (2.1.2.1)

  • Standard Static Route (2.1.2.2)

  • Default Static Route (2.1.2.3)

  • Summary Static Route (2.1.2.4)

  • Floating Static Route (2.1.2.5)

  • What are the different types of memory in a router?

  • How many MCQ questions are there in router and routing quiz?

  • What are the memory components of a Cisco router?

  • What information is stored in the ROM of a router?

  • What are different types of memory in router?

  • What are the 4 types of mode in a router?

  • How many types of memories are used in Cisco routers?

  • What are the 3 modes of router?


Reach Remote Networks (2.1.1.1)


A router can learn about remote networks in one of two ways:


  • Manually: Remote

    networks are manually entered into the route table using static routes.

  • Dynamically: Remote routes are automatically learned using a dynamic routing protocol.

Figure 2-1 provides a sample scenario of static routing. Figure 2-2 provides a sample scenario of dynamic routing using EIGRP.


A network administrator can manually configure a static route to reach a specific network. Unlike a dynamic routing protocol, static routes are not

automatically updated and must be manually reconfigured any time the network topology changes. A static route does not change until the administrator manually reconfigures it.


Why Use Static Routing? (2.1.1.2)


Static routing provides some advantages over dynamic routing, including:


  • Static routes are not advertised over the network, resulting in better security.

  • Static routes use less bandwidth than dynamic routing protocols, as routers do not exchange routes.

  • No CPU cycles are used to calculate and communicate routes.

  • The path a static route uses to send data is known.

Static routing has the following disadvantages:


  • Initial configuration and maintenance is time-consuming.

  • Configuration can be error-prone, especially in large networks.

  • Administrator intervention is required to maintain changing route information.

  • Does not scale well with growing networks; maintenance becomes cumbersome.

  • Requires complete knowledge of the whole network for proper implementation.

In Table 2-1, dynamic and static routing features are compared. Notice that the advantages of one method are the disadvantages of the other.


Table 2-1 Dynamic Routing Versus Static Routing

























Dynamic Routing



Static Routing



Configuration Complexity



Generally independent of the network size





Increases with the network size



Topology Changes



Automatically adapts to topology changes



Administrator intervention required



Scaling



Suitable for simple and complex topologies



Suitable for simple topologies



Security



Less secure



More secure



Resource Usage





Uses CPU, memory, link bandwidth



No extra resources needed



Predictability



Route depends on the current topology



Route to destination is always the same


Static routes are useful for smaller networks with only one path to an outside network. They also provide security in a larger network for certain types of traffic or links to other networks that need more control. It is important to understand that static and dynamic routing are not mutually exclusive. Rather, most networks use a combination of dynamic routing protocols and static routes. This may result in the router having multiple paths to a destination network

via static routes and dynamically learned routes. However, the administrative distance (AD) of a static route is 1. Therefore, a static route will take precedence over all dynamically learned routes.


When to Use Static Routes (2.1.1.3)


Static routing has three primary uses:


  • Providing ease of routing table maintenance in smaller networks that are not expected to grow significantly.

  • Routing to and from stub networks. A stub network is a

    network accessed by a single route, and the router has only one neighbor.

  • Using a single default route to represent a path to any network that does not have a more specific match with another route in the routing table. Default routes are used to send traffic to any destination beyond the next upstream router.

Figure 2-3 shows an example of a stub network connection and a default route connection. Notice in the figure that any network attached to R1 would only have one

way to reach other destinations, whether to networks attached to R2, or to destinations beyond R2. This means that network 172.16.3.0 is a stub network and R1 is a stub router. Running a routing protocol between R2 and R1 is a waste of resources.


In this example, a static route can be configured on R2 to reach the R1 LAN. Additionally, because R1 has only one way to send out non-local traffic, a default static route can be configured on R1 to point to R2 as the next hop for all other

networks.


Static Route Applications (2.1.2.1)


Static routes are most often used to connect to a specific network or to provide a Gateway of Last Resort for a stub network. They can also be used to:


  • Reduce the number of routes advertised by summarizing several contiguous networks as one static route

  • Create a backup route in case a primary route link fails

The following types of IPv4 and IPv6 static routes will be discussed:




  • Standard static

    route

  • Default static route

  • Summary static route

  • Floating static route

Standard Static Route (2.1.2.2)


Both IPv4 and IPv6 tư vấn the configuration of static routes. Static routes are useful when connecting to a specific remote network.


Figure 2-4 shows that R2 can be configured with a static route to reach the stub network 172.16.3.0/24.


Default Static Route (2.1.2.3)


A default static route is a route that matches all

packets. A default route identifies the gateway IP address to which the router sends all IP packets that it does not have a learned or static route for. A default static route is simply a static route with 0.0.0.0/0 as the destination IPv4 address. Configuring a default static route creates a Gateway of Last Resort.


Default static routes are used:


  • When no other routes in the routing table match the packet destination IP address. In other words, when a more specific match does

    not exist. A common use is when connecting a company’s edge router to the ISP network.

  • When a router has only one other router to which it is connected. This condition is known as a stub router.

Refer to Figure 2-5 for a sample scenario of implementing default static routing.


Summary Static Route (2.1.2.4)


To reduce the number of routing table entries, multiple static routes can be summarized into a single summary static route

if:


  • The destination networks are contiguous and can be summarized into a single network address.

  • The multiple static routes all use the same exit interface or next-hop IP address.

In Figure 2-6, R1 would require four separate static routes to reach the 172.20.0.0/16 to 172.23.0.0/16 networks. Instead, one summary static route can be configured and still provide connectivity to those networks.


Floating Static Route (2.1.2.5)


Another

type of static route is a floating static route. Floating static routes are static routes that are used to provide a backup path to a primary static or dynamic route, in the sự kiện of a link failure. The floating static route is only used when the primary route is not available.


To accomplish this, the floating static route is configured with a higher administrative distance than the primary route. Recall that the administrative distance represents the

trustworthiness of a route. If multiple paths to the destination exist, the router will choose the path with the lowest administrative distance.


For example, assume that an administrator wants to create a floating static route as a backup to an EIGRP-learned route. The floating static route must be configured with a higher administrative distance than EIGRP. EIGRP has an administrative distance of 90. If the floating static route is configured with an administrative distance of 95, the

dynamic route learned through EIGRP is preferred to the floating static route. If the EIGRP-learned route is lost, the floating static route is used in its place.


In Figure 2-7, the Branch router typically forwards all traffic to the HQ router over the private WAN link. In this example, the routers exchange route information using EIGRP. A floating static route, with an administrative distance of 91 or higher, could be configured to serve as a backup route. If the private WAN link

fails and the EIGRP route disappears from the routing table, the router selects the floating static route as the best path to reach the HQ LAN.




What are the different types of memory in a router?


Just like a desktop computer, the router also employs different types of memory. These memories are ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), NVRAM (Non-Volatile RAM), and Flash memory. Each memory has its own specific function as described below:

How many MCQ questions are there in router and routing quiz?


Router and Routing Quiz contain set of 10 MCQ questions for Router and Routing MCQ which will help you to clear beginner level quiz. 1. Which of the following statements accurately describe differences between a LAN and a WAN? (Choose two.) A.

What are the memory components of a Cisco router?


The Cisco routers consist of several different memories. Each memory performs different operations in the Cisco Router. POST, ROM, RAM, FLASH, NVRAM are the memories in the cisco router. The first most component in the cisco router is ROM. This ROM loads the bootstrap program into the memory and searches for the IOS operating systems.

What information is stored in the ROM of a router?


It stores the information in the various memory components of router memory. The ROM is a read-only memory. The ROM brings a lot of important content. We can store the Routers Bootstrap startup program The bootstrap program is the starting program that we execute in a system.

What are different types of memory in router?



Different types of Memories in a Router :.

Random Access Memory (RAM) – Random Access Memory (RAM) in a router is similar to the RAM that is installed in our PCs, Mobile Phones, and Laptops. … .

Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) : … .

Read-Only Memory (ROM) : … .

Flash Memory :.


What are the 4 types of mode in a router?



There are four operating modes in the router settings — the main mode and three additional modes:.

Router (A) — main mode;.

Adapter (B) — connect Ethernet devices to a Wi-Fi network;.

Repeater/Extender (C) — Wi-Fi extension;.

Access point/Extender (D) — expansion of the Wi-Fi area with Ethernet connection..


How many types of memories are used in Cisco routers?


In total, 4 different types of memory are found in Cisco devices. Sometime RAM is also called as DRAM (dynamic RAM). RAM is used for working storage same as PC. The running (active) configuration files are stored here.

What are the 3 modes of router?



There are mainly 5 modes in the router:.

User execution mode – As soon as the interface up message appears and press enter, the router> prompt will pop up. … .

Privileged mode – … .

Global configuration mode – … .

Interface configuration mode – … .

ROMMON mode –.


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